Machine for shaving heads of bolts



. (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet l.

H. M INTER. I MACHINE FORv SHAVING'HEADS 0F BOLTS, NUTS, 6m.

N0. 380,917. Y llaJtentedApr. 10, 1888'.

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H. MINTBR. MACHINE-POR SHAVING HEADS 0F BOLTS, NUTS, &c. I

(No Model.)

No. 380,917. PatenteaApr. '10, 188s.

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y H. MINTER. f M-AHINE FOR SHAVING HEADS 0F BLTS, NUTS, 550.

Patented Apr. l10, 1888.

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UNrTnn STATES PATeNT Genion.

HENRY MINTER, OF VORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

MACHINE FOR SHAVING HEADS OFBOLTS, NUTS, 80G.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 380,917, dated April 10, 11.888.

Application filed Novembcri, 1887. Serial No. 255,071. (No model.)

To aZZ whom, t may @oper/)771:

Beit known thatl, HENRY MINTER, a citizen of' the United States, residing at Worcester, in the county of Vorcester and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Bolts and Nuts; and l do hereby declare that the following isa full, clear, and exact description thereof, which, in connection with the drawings making a part of this specification,will enable Vothers skilled in the art to which my invention belongs to make and use the same.

My invention relatesto a machine for shaving or finishing` nuts, theheads of bolts, or other headed blanks, and has for its object to provide an automatic machine, of simple and effective construction and rapid operation, to finish the heads of bolts or like headed blanks, and also the ends of nuts, if desired.

My invention consists in certain novel features of construction, arrangement, and combination of the several parts of the machine, and of its mode of operation, as will be hereinafter fully described, and the nature thereof indicated by the claims; and my invention consists more particularly in the combination, with an intermittently-rotating head in which the blanks to be finished are held, and mechanism arranged to operate Asaid rotating head automatically, of tools mounted upon toolholders for finishing the heads automatically and adapted to be withdrawn from the finished heads, all of said operations taking place in due order and at the proper time, in the manner to be hereinafter fully described.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 repre sents a side view of my machine. Fig. 2 is an end view of the machine, looking in the direction cf arrow a, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 shows a section on line w x, Fig. 1, looking in the direction of arrow b, same iigure. Fig. 4t is a central longitudinal section through the upper shaft carryingtheintermittently-rotatinghead, also the pulley and other mechanism by which the machine receives its power. Fig. 5 is a central longitudinal section of the lower shaft by which the several parts of the machine are operated at the proper time and in due order. Fig. 6 is a detail view of a portion of the mechanism employed to reduce the speed of some of the parts. Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a bolt as it appears before being acted upon by as to form two disks, 3 3, connected by a` sleeve, 33, in such a way as to cause both disks to move uniformly, while at the right of the machinethe bearing 4 serves to support the shaft 5,which extends through the head 3, and is firmly secured thereto by screws 4. (See Fig. 4.)

The head 3 is provided with three chucks, 6, supported by spindles .7, which carry be tween the disks 3 3 the belt-pulleys 8, fast thereon, and have at their rear ends the gears 9, ruiming loosely upon the spindles 7. To the gears 9 are attached clutch-teeth, as shown at 10, to be engaged by similar teeth, l1, of the slides 12, which are keyed to the spindles 7, and are moved thereon at certain times out of engagement with the teeth 10 by means of a disk, 13, turning loosely apon a stud, 14, which is vpivoted at 15 to a holder or bracket, 16, secured to one of the bearings 2, previously mentioned. (See Figs. 1 and 4..)

To the rear end of the spindle 7 is attached a collar, 17, having recesses, (see Fig. 4,) into which springs 18 are placed, resting with one end against the bottom of said recesses and with the other against the sliding clutch l2,as

clearly shown,the clutch being thus in engage.

ment continually until the disk 13, upon a third of a revolution of the head 3, enters the annular groove in the clutch 12 and forces the latter to the rear and against the springs 18, thus separating the connection between the loose gear 9 and the slide 12, and thereby disconnecting the shaft or spindle7 from the gear 9, which will run loose and allow the spindle 7 to stop, las will be readily understood.-

The gears 9, loosely supported on the spindles 7, obtain their rotative power from the gear 19, rmly secured to or made in one piece IOO with the sleeve 20, (see Fig. 4,) which has its bearing on the shaft 5 and carries the beltpulley 21, with which a belt is connected running to a counter-shaft. (Not shown.)

The spindles 7, carrying the chucks 6, for holding the bolts to be operated upon, have a positive rotative motion by means of the gears 19,through the intervention of the loose gears 9 and clutch mechanism connected therewith, above described, and also a frictional rotative motion by means of a belt passing around the two lower pulleys, 8, on said spindles 7. (See dotted lines, Fig. 2.)

Loosely running on the sleeve 2O is the conepulley 22, the hub of which has the pulley 23 attached to it and extends beyond the same, as shown at 24, said extension to be engaged by the friction-strap 25, supported in the casing 26 and operated by the lever 27 (see Fig. 1) in the ordinary way, when the cone-formed slide 28 is moved toward the left by the shipper 28', operated by hand, thus throwing said lever 27 outward and away from the center line of the shaft 5. As the casing 26 is firmly secured by a set-screw or othersuitable means to the sleeve 20, it will readily be seen that by moving the slide 28 to the left a connection between both the sleeve 20 and the cone-pulley 22 is established, causing both to revolve uniformly. By moving the shipper 28 to the right, throwing'out the clutch, the cone-pulley 22 and pulley 23 will be stopped. At the right end of the shaft 5 is 'secured the disk 29, which is provided with three notches, 30, (see Fig. 3,) which are alternately engaged by the pawl 31, hung on the stud 32, which is supported by a lug,33,on the gear-segment 34, which is loosely supported on the shaft 5, and is operated by means of a rack, 35, to be more fully described hereinafter.

Referring to Fig. 1, it will be seen that the upper shalt, 5, and the lower shaft, 36, are connected by cross-belts 37 and 38 in the following manner, the different parts being fully represented in Figs. 5 and 6, namely: The cone-pulley 22 drives a corresponding conepulley, 39, on the shaft 36, the hub of which is made eecentrically at 40, and at that point loosely carries a gear, 41, which is kept from turning by the arm 42, Fig. 6, the end of which is supported by the link 43,- pivoted to the under side of the frame of the machine. The gear 41 is held in eccentrical contact with the internal gear 44, and by virtue of the relative number of teeth in both causes the latter to revolve more slowly than the cone-pulley 39the whole mechanism being of well-known construction and operation. To the hub of the internal gear 44 is attached the gear 45, which drives, through the set of back gears, 46 and 47, the larger gear, 48, which carries at the left side the pawls 49, adapted to engage the teeth of a ratchet-wheel, 50, secured to the lower shaft, 36. It will thus be seen that the said shaft 36 will be driven at a certain rate of speed from the cone-pulley 22 on the sleeve of the upper shaft, 5, when the slide 28 has caused a frictional connection between the cone-pulley and sleeve. In a similar manner by the pulley 39', but at a higher rate of speed, is driven the internal gear 51, the construction and operation of which are well known and correspond with that of the internal gear 44, above described. The hub of the gear 51 has at its end the clutch-teeth 52, which engage the teeth formed on the slide 53, held in sliding adjustment on the shaft 36 by the key 54, (see Fig. 5,) thereby turning said shaft 36 at a greater speed when the clutch-teeth are engaged, so that the ratchet-wheel will revolve quicker than the gear 48, and will consequently slip beneath the pawls 49 until the clutch-teeth 5 2 and 53 are thrown ont ofengagement and the pawls 49 engage the teeth of the ratchet-wheel 50 again, thus turning the shaft 36 more slowly. The quicker movement of the shaft 36 has for its purpose to return the tools quickly to the working-point to save time.

I will now describe the mechanism by which the clutch 53 is automatically thrown in and out of engagement with the teeth 52 at the proper time. 'Ihe sliding clutch 53, of ordinary construction, is keyed on the shaft 36 at 54. (See Fig. 5.) A hub or sleeve, 6l, is fast on the shaft 36: Said hub 61 has a liange, 60, inclined atone end, extending partially around the same. A sleeve or hub, 62, extends over the hub 6l and is secured thereto by a bolt, 64, extending through a slot, 65. Upon the left end of the hub 61 isa narrow fiange, 62, having a side cam-lug, 62', at one point thereon. construction, is pivoted at the under side of the frame 1 of the machine and adapted to swing horizontally. Said arm 57 is drawn over from right to left by the spring 57. In the outer end of the arm 57 is a pin, 56, which extends into the annular groove 55 in the slide-clutch 53, and said pin serves to move the clutch 53 into or out of engagement with the teeth52, according as the arm 57 is moved to the left by the spring 57, or to the right by the cam-lug 62' striking against the pin 63, secured in the outer end of the shipper arm or lever 57. By means of the flange 60, extending partially around the sleeve or hub 61, and the vertically-moving pin 58, carried in the outer end of the arm 57 and actuated by a spring, 59, the clutch 53 vis held out of engagement with the teeth v52, except at the proper time, when the opening in said flange 60 allows the 'spring 57 to act to draw over the arm 57 and engage the clutch 53 with the teeth 52. As the shaft 36 continues to revolve, the pin 58, extending directly over the flange 60, will ride up the inclined end thereof, and then drop down behind the same, as shown in Fig. 1, when the cani-lug 62 acts on the pin 63 to draw the shipper-arm 57, from left to right to disengage the clutch mechanism.

If it should be desired to retard or accelerate the action of the clutch 58, the relative positions of the cut in the fiange 60 and the Y IOC A lever or shipper-arm, 57, of ordinary disengaging cam-lug 62' may be changed by loosening the set-screw 64, threading in the sleeve or hub 61, and moving the same in the proper direction within the slot 65 of the sleeve 62, and then tightening it again, thereby securing both sleevesiirmly together. (See Figs. 1 and 5.) To the right of the shaft 36, next to the bearing, is attached a cam, 66, (see Figs. 1, 3, and 5,) which acts against the roll 67, turning on a stud, 68, in the rack 35, previously referred to. At the left end of the i driving mechanism on the lower shaft, 36, will actuated bolt-support 76, which is preferably made in U shape, asshown in Fig. 4. On the locking-bolt77 isi'ormed ashoulder, 78, against whichone end of the spring 77 rests, while the other end of .the latter bears against the holder 76, thus keeping the bolt 77 in an elevated, but if necessary, yielding position. At the lower end of said bolt 77 is a collar, 79, against which the holder 76 acts when pulling the bolt outof the hole 80 in the intermittentlyrotating head 3, thus releasing the same and allowing it to be rotated. If after the next operation of turning the head 3 for one-third of a revolution the-hole 80 for receiving the locking-bolt 77 should not come into proper place, the bolt could not enter the same, and as the lever will, on account of its Operatingcam, raise the holder 76 and lockingbolt 77, said boltwill bring up against the outside of the head 3; but the spring 77 will permit the holder 76 to rise to its regular place, thereby preventing a breakV in any of the working portions oi' thc machine. p

Returning to thegear 69, it will be seen that, as previously mentioned, it drives the gear 70, which is tight on theshaft 81. This shaft,car rying a handwheel, 112, at its outer end, and its connections are solely for the purpose of operating the toolholdcrs and other attachments pertaining thereto. V

Referring to Fig. 2, '82 and 83 are two short shafts mounted in suitable bearings, 84 and 85, respectively, and supporting the two tool-holders 86 and 37, adapted to hold the tools so as to carry them to the centers of the headed blanks,which are firmly held within the chucks 6 of ,the intermittently-rotating head 3. The tool-holder 86 on the shaft 82 nearest to the front is directly connected by means of the rod 88 to the eccentric 89 on the shaft 8l,while the tool-holder 87 on the rear shaft, 83, is operated by means of the rod 90, attached at the forward end tothe eccentric 91, also on the shaft 81, and at the rear end to the arm 92,

firmly secured'to the shaft 83, which carries the tool-holder 87. I preferably employ two tools to act upon the blank, so that while the tool in the rear holder, 87, is taking a rough and coarse chip the tool in the forwardholder, 86, is taking a very light and finishing chip.

It is well known to machinists and others skilled in the art that it is desirable to remove the tool a short distance away from the work after the finishing operation has taken place, so as to prevent the tool from leaving a trace on the finished surface when it is moved back into its normal position, and for this purpose I provide, in this instance on the shaft 81, a small cam, 93, which acts against the roll 94E on the lever 95, which is pivotcd at 96, and which is connected by means of the rod 97 to the arm 98, secured on the end of the screw 99, which rests in a thread cut in the bracket 109, which in its turn is supported by the table of the machine, as plainly shown in Fig. 2. The other end of the screw 99 bears against the end of the shaft 82, towhich is secured the collar 101, which serves as a shoulder for the springs 102, between it and the bearing 84, to act against. (See Fig. 1.) Said springs 102 have the tendency to push the collar 101 away from the bearing 84, and thereby move the shaft 82, as well as the tool, away from the work when the screw 99 at the end is so turned as to allow it.

In the present instance (see Fig. 2) the lever 28 is thrown backward, which turns the screw 99 against the end of the shai't 82, thus bringing the tool in contact with the blank to be finished. Onesquarter of a revolution on the part of the shaft 81 will throw the eccentric 89 forward, and at the same instant the cam 93 will have turned enough to bring the offset in its periphery to the roll 94, which is then, by means of the spring 103, secured to the lever 95 on the other side of its pivot, pulled against the lower periphery of the cam 93, said action resulting inswinging the arm 98 forward, thereby turn ing the screw 99 away from the shaft 82, and allowing the same, by virtue of its collar 101, to be pushed outward by the springs 102. In the arm 98 I provide a slot, 104, within which the end of the rod 97` may be secured at any desired distance from 4the center, thus regulating the amount of turn ing to which the screw 99 is subject..

Having thus described the construction of my improved machine in detail, I will explain the operations of the same in thc order in which they take place from the time of putting in a rough blank, d, Fig. 1, until the same is finished, as shown in Fig. 8.

The :tirst step, when the machine is at rest, is to put a blank, d, in the upper chuck, 6, on the intermittently-remting head 3, after which the countershaft is set in motion, thereby driving the two lower spindles, 7, in said head by belt-connection around the pulleys 8, (see dotted lines, Fig. 2,) and also by the pulley 21, which drives the spindles 7 by means of the gear 19 meshing into the gears 9 on said spin- IIO dles, in the manner above described. Thus the spindles 7 are driven by two separate systems, the belt system running at a higher rate of speed than the gear system. The clutching-slide 28 is then broughtinto action by the shipper 28', causing the cone-pulley 22 and the pulley 23 to revolve simultaneously with the sleeve 20 and pulley 21, whereby the conepulley 39 and pulley 39 are set in motion. Through the gears 41 44 45 46 47 48 and the pawls 49 and wheel 50 is driven the lower shaft, 36, and all the connections at a low rate of speed, until the arm 57 throws the clutch-teeth 52 and 53 into engagement, causing the shaft 36 to rotate at a higher rate of speed, when the cam 66 will turn the upper shaft, 5, one-third of arevolution, bringing the blank in position to be turned off by the tool in the rear holder, 87. Vhen the lower shaft, 36, is rotating, the middle shaft, 81, will also turn on account of the gears 69 and 70, and thus the tool-holders will be pulled forward and the blank turned off. While this is being done an empty chuck has taken the place yof the first one and another blank is inserted therein. The same operation as above described will now take place and rotate the head 3 another third of a revolution, by which the first blank is placed before the tool in the front holder, 86, and the second blank assumes the position which had been occupied by blank one in front of the tool-holder 87. At the same time another empty chuck has appeared on top, and now also receives a blank, while the front tool takesa finishing chip off the first blank and the rear tool takes a roughing chip from the second blank. When the shaft 36 now makes another one-third revolution and turns the head until blank one is taken to its original place, but now in a finished condition, the blank-carrying spindle 7 is stopped and the finished blank taken out of the chuck and replaced by a fresh one, and thus the operation is repeated, so that while the fourth blank is being pnt in the upper chuck the rear tool takes a roughing chip from the third blank and the front tool takes a finishing chip from second blank.

I prefer to drive the spindles 7 by both gears and pulleys, for the reason that during the first operation a rather heavy chip is taken, which requires a great amount of power, and I rely on the gear system to rotate the spindles, while afterward a very light chip is taken, and the belt on the pulleys 8 has friction enough to drive the spindles and at a higher rate of speed, and because, as is well known to those skilled in the art, a belt will do smoother and finer work than gears can perform.

In case the belt should drive the spindle, the clutch-teeth 10 and 11 will ynaturally slip by each other and compress the springs 18, as will be clearly understood. One of the important features of my machineis the fact that the feed mechanism may be stopped at any time without in the least affecting the relativepositions of the other parts, which would result in serious trouble, and another feature is that by each revolution ofthe feedshaft 81 a finished blankis produced. y Y

When it is desired to nish nuts instead `of bolts, I preferably substitute the holder shown in Fig. 9 for the chucks 6, above mentioned, and I find a holder constructed as shown the most efficient and simple. On the thread formed at the forward end of the blank-carrying spindle 7 is screwed the casing 105, having in the center of its front a hole through which the bolt 106 passes, resting against the casing at the front, with the collar 107 thereon, and rmly secured to the case by means of the nut 108.

The outside ofthe collar 107 is made spherical for the washer 109 to ride uppn, said washer having a hole, 110, large enough to allow its adjusting itself if the base of the nut 111 should not be smooth or at right angles with the thread, in which case the collar will assume a position somewhat as shownin Fig. 9, and yet form a solid bearing for the nut 111 to screw against. After the outside face of the nut has been finished a bevel is cut on the iuside, as shown at c, and it is particularly in this instance that the utility of the releasing and tightening screw 99 for drawing back the tools after they have finished their work is shown. I prefer to use the bolt 106 in combination with the case 105, instead of making both in one'piece, because different bolts may be used for different sizes of nuts, and the same casing may be employed in all cases.

It will be understood that the details of construction of the several parts of my machine may be varied without departing from the principle of my invention.

Having thus described myinvention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is.- l

1. In a machine for finishing the heads of bolts, &c., the combination, with the intermittent rotary head consisting of two disks and a central sleeve, of a series of spindles mounted therein adapted to hold the blanks to be iinished, and havinga rotary motion independent of said head, and provided with gears for driving said spindles, and a clutch mechanism to throw into or out of operation the gear-driving mechanism, vsubstantially as shown and described.

`2. In a machine for finishing the heads of bolts, 86o., the combination, with the intermittent rotary head and a series of spindles having an independent rotary motion mounted therein for holding the blanks to be finished, of mechanism for rotating said head intermittently, and mechanism for locking and holding the head stationary at regular intervals, substantially as shown and described.

3. In a machine for iinishing the heads of bolts, 3pc., the combination, with the intermittent rotary head and a series of spindles for holding the blanks to be finished mounted on said head, and having an independent rotary motion, of a tool-holder mounted on a shaft having a longitudinal motion, and also a rocking motion, said tool-holder carrying a tool having a rocking motion directly in front of the blank to be operated upon, substantially as shown and dscribed.

4. The combination, with the tool-holder carrying a tool mounted on a shaft having a longitudinal motion, and said shaft, of mechanism, substantially as described, for operating said shaft to cause the tool to have a rocking motion as it acts upon the blank to be finished, and also to have a 'mot-ion toward and away from said blank, in the manner substantially as shown and described.

5. In a machine for finishing bolts, &c., a tool-holder, 86, carrying atool for operating on the bolts and mounted on a rocking shaft and adapted to have a rocking motion back and forth in front of the bolt to be finished, and also a longitudinal motion toward and away from the bolt, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination,with theintermittentlyrotating head 3, consisting of two disks and a central sleeve mounted on and turning` with a central shaft, of blank-holding spindles 7, mounted in said head 3 and having a rotative motion independentthereof, and provided with pulleys for belt-connection and gears for gearconnection for driving said spindles, and a clutch mechanism to throw into or out of operation the gear-driving mechanism, for the purpose stated, snbstantiall y as shown and described.

7. The combination, with the rotating head 3, fast upon and revolving at regularintervals with a shaft having an intermittent motion and carrying the blank-holding spindles 7, said spindles 7 having an independent rotative motion, of mechanism for lockingand holding the head 3, for the purpose stated, consisting of a spring-actuated bolt, 77, operated at regular intervals by a cam through the intervention of connecting-levers, in the manner substantially as shown and described.

8. The combination, with shaft 5, having the head 3, carrying the blank-holding spindles 7 therein, secured thereon, and a notched disk, 29, fast on said shaft, of a gear, 34, loose on said shaft and carrying a pawl, 31, to engage the notched disk 29, and a rack, 35, and a cam for operating said rack to transmit a rotary motion to the shaft 5 and cause the head 3 to :make a one-third revolution, substantially as shown and described.

9. The combination, with theshaft, having the head 3 secured thereon,carrying theblankholding spindles 7, of a sleeve, 20, loose on said shaft and provided with a gear, 19, for rotating the spindles 7, and a driving-pulley, 2l, fast on said sleeve, which has a rotary motion independent of the shaft 5, for the purpose stated, substantially as shown and described.

10. The combination, with the shaft 5 and sleeve 20, supported loosely thereon, conepulley 22, and pulley 23, loose on said sleeve, and a clutch mechanism for causing them to revolve with said sleeve, of the shaft 36, carrying acone-pulley, 39, agear, 41, eccentrieally mounted on the hub of said pulley, and an internal gear, 44, for driving at a slower rate through a system of gears, the shaft 36, and a pulley, 39, an internal gear, 5l, on said shaft, and a clutch mechanism fast on said shalt to engage with the gear 51, by which the shaft 36 is driven at a higher rate of speed, all constructed and operated substantially as shown and described.

11. The combination, with the intermittently-rotating head 3, and blank carrying spindles 7, supported and rotating therein, of tool-holders 86 and S7, mounted on shafts 82 and 83 and having a rocking motion directly in front of the blanks to be operated upon, and mechanism consisting of levers connected at one end with said tool-holders and at the other end with eccentrios on ashaft for drawing over the toolholders to cause the tools to operate and for moving them back after they have operated, substantially as shown and described.

12. The-combination, with the tool-holder 86, supported on shaft 82, and said shaft, of means for giving a positive longitudinal motion to said shaft against springs serving to withdraw the tool from contact with the blank upon its backward motion consisting of ascrew, 99, working against the end of the shaft 82 and operated by a cam through the intervention of connecting-levers, in the manner substantially as shown and described.

HENRY MINTER.

Witnesses:

JOHN C. DEWEY, CLARENOE M. DroirINsoN. 

